4 found nine longitudinal studies of air pollution and AD and related dementias (ADRD). There is growing evidence associating air pollution with neurodegenerative disease. As there are no disease-modifying treatments for the most common types of dementia, it is a top research priority to identify modifiable risk factors for dementia that can be intervened on at the population level. In response, the National Alzheimer’s Project Act was signed into law to overcome dementia, and the National Plan was launched with Goal 1 aiming to prevent and effectively treat dementia (delay onset, slow progression) by 2025 3. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) contributes to about two-thirds of dementia cases and is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States 2. Our study suggests that exposures to PM 2.5 and NO 2 are associated with incidence of dementia and AD.ĭementia is a major public health issue, affecting >47 million people worldwide 1.
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For both outcomes, concentration-response relationships for PM 2.5 and NO 2 were approximately linear. We identified ~2.0 million incident dementia cases ( N = 12,233,371 dementia cohort) and ~0.8 million incident AD cases ( N = 12,456,447 AD cohort).
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population-based cohorts of those aged ≥65 from the Medicare Chronic Conditions Warehouse (2000–2018), combined with high-resolution air pollution datasets, to investigate the association of long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), and ozone (O 3) with dementia and AD incidence, respectively. Air pollution may increase risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) in the U.S., but the extent of this relationship is unclear.